Application
Belt Conveying in Mining and Mineral Plants
Answer in brief
In mining the limiting question is usually not distance but angle.
A plain belt gives up at around 18 degrees with free-flowing ore, and the alternative is either a long run that nobody has space for or a different conveying principle.
- Establish the incline limit for the actual material, not from a table.
- Protect the loading point, where most of the damage happens.
- Plan belt and liner replacement as a scheduled cost.
Reviewed October 21, 2026 · Updated October 21, 2026
The problem
Heavy, abrasive ore at high tonnage loads the belt, the structure and the idlers, and the loading point takes the impact of every tonne.
Where height has to be gained, a plain belt needs a long run that often does not exist.
Desired outcome
A conveying line that delivers the rate without spillage, keeps the product in the condition it arrived in and can be cleaned and maintained without a shutdown.
Process approach
High angle sandwich belt conveyors hold the material between two belts, which allows far steeper angles while keeping the gentle handling of belt conveying.
At the loading point, impact beds, correct skirt length and a chute that matches belt speed reduce both spillage and cover damage.
Wear protection is designed to be replaced: liners, impact bars and skirt seals are consumables with a known life.
- Incline capability established from the material, with testing where it matters.
- Loading point designed as a system rather than as a chute over a belt.
- Maintenance access for the parts that are known to wear.
Selection factors
- Material friction angle and lump size.
- Height to be gained and the horizontal space available.
- Tonnage and the resulting impact energy at loading.
- Respirable dust control where crystalline silica is present.
- Replacement strategy for belts, liners and idlers.
Common failure modes
- Incline chosen from a table rather than from the material
- Loading point without an impact bed, damaging the cover
- Spillage accepted as normal rather than designed out
- Idler failures undetected until the belt is damaged
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